Abstract
Personality plays a vital role in both mental and physical health. Type C personality characterized by emotional suppression and submissiveness can have a significant impact on individuals’ well-being. This study aimed to standardize the Type C Personality Questionnaire within an Iranian sample. Defined as a personality type prone to psychosomatic illnesses, especially cancer, Type C encompasses traits such as submissiveness, emotional repression, and social withdrawal. The research employed a descriptive-correlational design alongside confirmatory factor analysis. The statistical population included students at the University of Zanjan during the second half of the 2024–2025 academic year, and a sample of 360 individuals was selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Type C Personality Questionnaire. Reliability was evaluated through Cronbach’s alpha (0.86), composite reliability (0.87), and test–retest reliability (0.89). Item validity was confirmed via strong correlations with total scores, and content validity was approved by expert consensus. Factor analysis results demonstrated that the questionnaire has a two-factor structure "Submissiveness" and "Restricted Affect" which fits well with data from the Iranian population. Model fit indices, including RMSEA = 0.02, CFI = 0.97, and TLI = 0.97, indicated a good fit for the proposed two-factor model. These results confirm the questionnaire's applicability in Iranian settings. Despite limitations such as sampling from student populations, this study introduces a valid instrument for assessing Type C personality in Iran. The findings may contribute to a deeper understanding of the relationship between Type C personality and mental and physical health, and support the development of effective preventive and therapeutic interventions.